BIOL 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Dna Barcoding, Red Nucleus, Barcode
Document Summary
Resemble prokaryotes in terms of genome: circular, no introns; gene products resemble that of bacteria. Dual staining of euglena: red = nucleus, green = chloroplast; yellow. Some dna of mitochondria & chloroplast moved to nucleus. So their genome is shorter than regular bacteria. Theres gene mvt b/w nucleus and the two; also b/w the two. Mitochondria have ribosome which resembles that in bacteria. Hence toxicity when we take antibiotics kind of harmful to our own mitochondria. Human mitochondrial dna (mtdna): 2-layered loop, direction of transcription is cw outside ccw inside. Short: 16kb (compared to bacteria: millions of bp) very compact. E. g. stop codon uga = trp in mito. E. g. defective dna pol of mito => premature aging mice (dna pol lacks proofreading function) mtdna is maternally inherited. During a person"s lifetime, the mtdna might mutate. The phenotype displayed is dependent on how many copies of the gene are mutated, not whether a mutation happens.
