BIOL 112 Lecture 4: Lecture 4 - Sugars and Lipids.pdf

• School: McGill University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 112
• Professor: Frieder Schoeck

Document Summary

Energy storage in cells (ex. glycogen and starch) ! Structure (ex. chitin as exoskeleton of insects, cellulose in plant cell walls) ! Building block of nucleic acids -> backbones of dna/ rna are made of carbs! Identity tag -> carbs are attached to many membrane proteins and lipids and thus play an important role in cell communicating/ signalling ! General formula of carbohydrate monomer: cn(h20)n ! !- macromolecule that consists of carbon (c), hydrogen (h), and oxygen (o); h:o ratio = 2:1! Different for polymers because of loss of h2o during formation ! General formula for a carbohydrate polymer: cn(h2o)n-1! Monosaccharides: monomer that composes the larger carbohydrates ! Ex. glucose, fructose, ribose (important for rna) ! Different monosaccharides have different arrangements of carbon ! Glucose (6 c) exists in straight chains and in ring forms; 32 isomers of the ring form of glucose! Alpha/ beta versions of glucose ring differ in the orientation of the -h and -