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BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Squamata, Malpighian Tubule System, Blood Plasma

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maroonmallard463
26 Jun 2012
School
McGill University
Department
Biology (Sci)
Course
BIOL 111
Professor
Multiple

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BIOL 111 Full Course Notes
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BIOL 111 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

Amphibians are not truly terrestrial because of their dependence on water. Reproduce and develop on land: skin is waterproofed by keratin, produce a special nitrogenous waste, internal fertilization, amniotic egg. Can pull blood instead of going into the lung etc. and can go into the right aorta and go directly to the body. Birds and mammals heart: completely separate pulmonary and systemic system. Dry skin, scales first amniotes carnivores, herbivores, omnivores: arose during carboniferous ~ 300 mya. Amniotic egg: reptiles, birds mammals some of the eggs have shells: evolutionary innovation, external shell leathery or brittle, permeable to gases, fairly, self-sufficient requires no parental care impermeable to water o. Bio 111 alanna houston o: chapter 43. Consequences of a terrestrial egg: internal fertilization: sperm can not penetrate egg shell, shell and albumen are added to the fertilized egg in the female"s oviduct. Non-toxic nitrogen waste product is required: uric acid.

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Related Questions

1. How do marine reptiles eliminate salt?

2. Describe the function of malpighian tubules in insects?

3. What is the nitrogenous waste in the following:

-most fish

-repties

-birds

-mammals

-insects

4. What is the mode of reproduction in Protists, Cnidarians and Tunicates?

5. Compare the external and internal fertilization.

6. What is the advantage of an amniotic egg? Which animals have these eggs?

7. What is the nervous system in sponge?

A) Explain five (5) challenges amphibians faced when colonizing land and how they solved them. B) Explain the improvements reptiles evolved from the amphibian solutions (the five (5) listed in the question above) to adapt to terrestrial environment

1. Invertebrates colonized terrestrial environments independently of vertebrates. However, they faced similar challenges adapting to land. A) Describe three (3) main challenges animals had to face when colonizing land. B) Vertebrates had some key traits derived during their existence in water, which later proved beneficial for colonizing land. Explain how vertebral column, jaws, lungs, and lobed fins paved the way for vertebrates to move from water into land.

C) List 4 different reproductive strategies found in animal species (e.g. parthenogenesis, hermaphroditism, external fertilization, internal fertilization, viviparity, etc). D) For each strategy, describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage.