BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Gynoecium, Double Fertilization, Eudicots

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26 Jun 2012

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BIOL 111 Full Course Notes

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*no lecture next tuesday or thursday or lab on thursday. Interacting with the environment (1st of 3 challenges): Darwin and son"s experiment: conclusion: the part of the coleoptile that senses light is in the tip and it sends a signal from the tip to the growing region. Tropisms o: phototropism: light creates auxin, auxin concentrated on side away from the light causing lengthening in that side o. Giberellin (stem elongation, seed germination, fruit growth) Auxin (tall stems stem elongation, inhibition lateral buds but promotes lateral roots. Giberellin + auxin = tall vs. cytokinens and ethylene. Some practical applications: giberellins and auxins make seedless fruits grow, ethylene is released by ripening fruit and causes ripening. Why one rotten apple spoils the bunch": auxin starts lateral roots on a branch cutting while suppressing lateral branches on stems. Defenses against drought o: lose the leaf and go back to having green stems.

Related Questions

1. What protects the leaf against desiccation and stress from other environmental factors? Select one: a. Stomata b. Mesophyll c. Epidermis d. Cuticle

2. Match the monocot stem terms to their definitions.

a) support the stem structurally and are dead fibrous cells that have thick walls

Answer choices: Parenchyma Phloem Sclerenchyma Xylem

b) transport water and nutrients up from the roots

c) characterized by large vacuoles, which store nutrients and food.

d) transport sugar formed in the leaves by photosynthesis to the rest of the plant to be used as food.

3. Match the eudicot stem terms to their definitions.

a)surrounds and protects the vascular bundle	Answer choices: Parenchyma Collenchyma Pericycle Cambium Pith
b)center portion of the stem
c) located underneath the collenchyma
d) strengthen young stems and synthesize food
e) contains cells that divide to produce new xylem and phloem

4. Suppose you chop down a plant in the woods and bring it home to examine. You cut a cross section of the stem and you note that it has pith in the center. How would you classify this plant?

5. You encounter a shrubby-looking plant that you cannot tell if it has true wood or not. Upon cutting it open cross-sectionally, you note a layer of cork cambium. What does this tell you?

Bark, which is thicken, toughen periderm, arises from this lateral meristem?

		Vascular cambium
		Cork cambium

QUESTION 2

Seeds with edible fruit are most likely dispersed by

		wind
		animals
		water
		bursting

QUESTION 3

Seeds with wings are most likely dispersed by

		wind
		animals
		water
		bursting

QUESTION 4

The arrangement of flowers on the stem with the newest flowers near the end of the shoot is

		Determinate inflorescence
		Indeterminate inflorescence

QUESTION 5

The arrangement of flowers on the stem with the oldest flowers near the end of the shoot is

		Determinate inflorescence
		Indeterminate inflorescence

QUESTION 6

The cortex in stems is made of this tissue

		Dermal
		Ground
		Vascular

QUESTION 7

The epidermis, cuticle, guard cells, root hairs and trichomes arise from this type of meristem?

		Protoderm
		Ground meristem
		Procambium

QUESTION 8

The epidermis, cuticle, guard cells, root hairs and trichomes arise from this type of tissue?

		Dermal
		Ground
		Vascular

QUESTION 9

The parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma arise from this type of meristem?

		Protoderm
		Ground meristem
		Procambium

QUESTION 10

The parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma arise from this type of tissue?

		Dermal
		Ground
		Vascular

QUESTION 11

The xylem and phloem in leaves are contained in which structure?

		blade
		petiole
		stipules
		vein

QUESTION 12

This meristem is located in the root and shoot tips.

		Apical meristem
		Lateral meristem

QUESTION 13

This meristem is located in the stems of plants that live longer than one year.

		Apical meristem
		Lateral meristem

QUESTION 14

Xylem and phloem elements arise from this type of meristem?

		Protoderm
		Ground meristem
		Procambium

QUESTION 15

Xylem and phloem elements arise from this type of tissue?

		Dermal
		Ground
		Vascular

10. F In the shoot apical meristem, the tunica will give rise tothe protoderm and ground tissue meristems, while the corpus willgive rise to the procambium.

11. F Shoots and roots have endarch xylem maturation, but leaveshave exarch xylem maturation.

12. F Parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma are different typesof cells found in ground tissue. These cells differ their amount offlexibility and rigidity, with parenchyma having the greatestflexibility and collenchyma having the greatest rigidity.

14. F unlike Bees , beetles are precise pollinators that areattracted to large, brightly colored, zygomorphic flowers.

15. F Both axillary shoots and axillary roots develop from theinternal part of the plant, and they both must push through thecortex in order to reach the external environment.

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BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Gynoecium, Double Fertilization, Eudicots

BIOL 111 Full Course Notes

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