HIST-100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Sexually Transmitted Infection, Zhenotdel, Bolsheviks
22 Jun 2018
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Soviet women: the first steps
•the right to vote was only the beginning for soviet women
•more than 73000 women fought in the civil war
•1918 congress of working class and peasant women
•argued that it provided more freedom for women
•organized by left wing movement
•1918 family law: easy divorce
•bolshevik discussion on family and sex
Women's department (Zhenotdel)
•created in 1919 for propaganda and mobilization
•women’s pages in party newspapers’ female factory and village compartments
•war time auxiliary work 1919-20
•care of single mothers and abandoned children
•liquidated in 1930
Social problems of the 1920s
•prostitution
•government made special camp in 1920 - more than 6000 women who were prostitutes
•60% of them in prison for prostitution
•profilactory - to prevent prostitution and spread of disease
•education and medical help for these women
•venereal disease epidemic
•sexually transmitted - linked to prostitution
•government felt the need to control peoples’ sexual activity
•men’s irresponsibility
•complaints, popular sentiment for the strengthening of marriage
1936 Family Laws
•abortion outlawed except for medical reasons
•became obsessed with increasing birth rates - mainly for military purposes
•did not support birth control and other contraceptives
•was difficult to purchase condoms
•8 weeks of paid leave both before and after giving birth
•divorce made more difficult (fee was raised from 3 to 50 rules for first divorce)
•new regulation on child support
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