PHED-3126EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Disaccharide, Chemical Formula, Monosaccharide
28 Dec 2019
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Macronutrients: energy fuel and building blocks for tissue synthesis. Nutrients provide energy necessary to maintain bodily functions during rest and pa. 3 major nutrients that provide energy: carbohydrate, lipid, protein. With exception of lactose, and a small amount of glycogen in animal tissues, plant sources provide all dietary carbohydrate. Three major carbohydrate categories: monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides. Glucose (dextrose or blood sugar: chemical formula: c6h12o6, 4 major functions, cell use for energy, stores glycogen in muscle and liver, converts to fat for energy storage, provides carbon skeleton to synthesize non-essential amino acids. Fructose (levulose or fruit sugar: present in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, most root vegetables, same chemical formula as glucose, sweetest monosaccharide, energy source. Galactose (forms lactose in lactating animals: does not exist in nature, converts glucose for energy metabolism. Combination of two monosaccharides (double sugar: monosaccharides and disaccharides are called simple sugars.
