BIOL-2356EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cyanobacteria, Stabilizing Selection, Directional Selection
1 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
Understand that species are adapted to environments they live in. Natural selection removes individuals which are not well adapted to the prevailing conditions. Changing conditions lead to an evolution of species characteristics. Organisms are adapted to their environment otherwise they would not be there. Change in environmental conditions by humans leads to shifts in species composition. Adaptions are a product of natural selection. Adaptation: any heritable behavioural, morphological or physiological trait that evolved by. Fitness: proportionate contribution of an individual to future generations. In a population there is genetically determined variation of the traits among the individuals. Natural selection can have different effects natural selection and increase or maintains the fitness of an organism. Local adaptations within a species result in ecotypes. Convergent evolution: describes the process where not closely related organisms independently acquire similar characteristics while evolving under similar environmental conditions.
