ARCL-1006EL Lecture 13: Homo Ereectus and Neanderthals 13
16 Jun 2018
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Department
Course
Professor
ARCL 1006!
March 14, 2018!
Early Homo and Neanderthal!
•Acheulean tools made by Homo Erectus !
•Hand axe: big tool, flaked around entire perimeter and both sides!
•Not like a regular axe, literally rock in hand!
•Used for digging? cutting?!
•Olorgesailie 750 thousand years ago-1mya!
•Lots of hand axes found here like…so many!
•Movius Line- distribution of hand axes in the old World!
•No distribution of hand axes in Asia!
•Distribution of bamboo- apparently used in the same way that hand axes were used,
so they would decompose in time!
•Kalambo Falls, Zambia!
•Digging sticks? spears? !
•Evidence for fire:!
•Wonderwerk, South Africa- 1 mya!
•Swartkrans, South Africa- 1-1.3 mya!
•Gesher Benot Ya’aqov, Israel- 800 thousand years ago!
•Kao Poh Nam, Thailand- 700 thousand years ago!
•Slowly finding ecidence- including cooking pots!
•U of T- discovered Wonderwerk, but they want it to be 2 mya, not 1, in order to prove
cooking hypothesis !
•Fire- somehow related to humans// hard to be sure that the association of a burned item,
is relating to a human because forest fires, lightning, etc !
•Caves are a good way to assume human behaviour !
•Big game eating!
•Ambrona, Torralba, Spain- 400 thousand !
•Schoninger, German- 400 thousand !
•Pretty sure they are eating them, but are unsure if they are killing the animals !
•Crossing open Water?!
•Flores, indonesia!
•Straight of Gibraltar!
•Circa 800 thousand !
•No direct evidence, but indirect evidence available !
•New world monkeys somehow ended up in different places without boats !
