HIST 1115 Lecture Notes - Fasci Italiani Di Combattimento, Expansionism, Autarky
The Rise of Fascism in Italy
Why Italy? Unsatisfied Nationalism
All fascist movements have this in common
In the south the commitment to nation, in the north there is a lot of nationalism
oThe south see it as a tax and body grab
oCommitment to the nation is very weak
The Norther Italian Nationalists have big dreams
oThey want to reinstate the Roman empire
oThey feel that it is italy’s destiny to rule over the people around them that
are “inferior”
oThey want to conquest
Italy start the war sitting on the sidelines rather than honoring the alliance with A-
H and Germany
Eventually the French and British promised them land in a treaty and the Italians
join the allies
oThe Allies saw that the Italian soldiers were plentiful but poorly trained
Orlando wanted to collect a blood price for what had been promised to him
oThey wanted the territory that they had been promised
oThe Italian nationalists were enraged
oThey felt that they were as angry as Germany
the war cost Italy a lot of money
othey mobilized 6 million soldiers
othey won the war but lost the peace
Some extremists just decided to seize the land that they were promised
Gabrielle D’Annuunzio
Economic Disparity
In the south
oThe big land owners own huge ammounts of land
oThere is extreme poverty
oThe war makes it all worse
The war stimulates some industries
oEx. Textiles
oPeople flock to the cities but there are no more jobs
They need to import wheat for pasta
The Government borrowed very heavily for the war
oThey devalue the currency to pay off the debts
oThey borrowed from their own people
oInflation impoverishes the middle class and the peasants
oThe governing elites are not meeting the challenge of a modern industrial
nation
In 1912 the constitution changes so poor people can vote
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
oSocialist party is formed
They wanted to be secular
oCatholic Socialist party is formed
Catholic People’s party
They functioned on catholic values
oBoth of the parties are HUGE
oThey agree on pretty much everything
oThe catholic church was worried that the Godless socialist party was
getting all the votes
There are 5 different governments in 2 years 1919-1920
There are tons of strikes and protests
oNone of the governments were able to stay I power long enough to deal
with the issues
oThe people were losing their vote
Benito Mussolini
oHe is a socialist
oHe liked the idea of going to war- has to break from the socialist party
oHe was a soldier himself
oHe started the Fasci di Combattimento
oHe says that he has all the answers to sae Italy from its problems
oThe Italian socialist movement is breaking apart
oHe is funded by the people that he claims hate him
oHe is good at journalism and self-promotion
He had a lot of Alternative-Facts
He uses this to get him into power during a fascist movement
The fascist black shirts- Fasci di Combattimento
oThey are battling the unions
oMany of them were soldiers
oThere are a lot of tem
oThey are a militia
oThey’re basically fascist thugs
Gains a reputation as the party of law and order
oThe men are often soldiers and know how to deal with things
oThe middle-class people see that they will bring some stability
More and more people are willing to back up the fascist movement
People figured they would use Mussolini to maintain control
oGets the allegiance of a lot of different people who all want different things
oHe can’t give them all what they want
oThe people that are funding him really want their issues to be dealt with
He had to have a Fascist Revolution
oThe upper classes are shaken enough to let the Fascists to run with them
on their block
oThey win the election
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
All fascist movements have this in common. In the south the commitment to nation, in the north there is a lot of nationalism: the south see it as a tax and body grab, commitment to the nation is very weak. The norther italian nationalists have big dreams: they want to reinstate the roman empire, they feel that it is italy"s destiny to rule over the people around them that are inferior , they want to conquest. Italy start the war sitting on the sidelines rather than honoring the alliance with a- Eventually the french and british promised them land in a treaty and the italians join the allies: the allies saw that the italian soldiers were plentiful but poorly trained. Some extremists just decided to seize the land that they were promised. In the south: the big land owners own huge ammounts of land, there is extreme poverty, the war makes it all worse. The war stimulates some industries: ex.
