PSYO 2160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Inclusive Fitness, Cooperative Breeding, Testicle
24 May 2018
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Kinship
- The degree of relativeness can influence the behaviors (positive of negative) towards
other individuals of the same specie.
Coefficient of relatedness
- the probability that two related individuals have inherited a particular allele of the single
locus/gene from their common ancestor.
- R = (1/2) n.
- n = # of steps in the genealogy.
- To calculate n you need to count the number of “steps” to get from person A to person B
without counting the first person.
Hamilton’s Rule
- An allele associated with some trait will increase in frequency when:
• rB > C; r = coefficient of relatedness, B = benefit to recipient(s), C = cost to individual
expressing trait.
- a trait will increase in frequency in a population if said trait benefits relative more than it
costs the individual expressing the trait.
Family Dynamics
Inclusive fitness theory
- Direct fitness: number of viable offspring.
- Indirect fitness: reproductive success of genetic relatives.
- Inclusive fitness: direct fitness + indirect fitness.
Ecological constrain theory (dispersal vs. remaining on natal territory)
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