ENVS 1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Integrated Pest Management, Soil Retrogression And Degradation, Crop Rotation
3 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Agriculture – Pesticides, Organic Farming and GMOs
November 6, 2014
Biological Controls
Some successful biocontrol agents include the parasitic wasp, cactus moth and
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt).
Risk of Harming Ecosystems:
• Introducing aliens species can have unintended consequences
• These species may become invasive
• Removing the agent of biological control is more difficult than stopping
chemical spraying
• Assess the potential for problems in detail before releasing biological control
agents
Integrated pest management combines a variety of techniques for controlling
pests:
• Biocontrol
• Use of chemicals
• Close monitoring of populations
• Habitat complexity
• Crop rotation
• Transgenic crops
• Alternative tillage methods
• Mechanical pest removal
It decreases but not eliminates pests; reduces but does not necessarily eliminate
pesticide use.
Organic Farming
• Organic production is a holistic system designed to optimize the productivity
and fitness of diverse communities within the agro-ecosystem, including soil
organisms, plants, livestock and people. The principal goal of organic
production is to develop enterprises that are sustainable and harmonious
with the environment.
The general principles of organic production from the Canadian Organic Standards
of 2006 include:
• Protect the environment, minimize soil degradation and erosion, decrease
pollution, optimize biological productivity and promote a sound state of
health
• Maintain long-term soil fertility by optimizing conditions for biological
activity within the soil
• Maintain biological diversity within the system
• Recycle materials and resources to the greatest extent possible within the
enterprise
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Some successful biocontrol agents include the parasitic wasp, cactus moth and. Introducing aliens species can have unintended consequences: these species may become invasive, removing the agent of biological control is more difficult than stopping chemical spraying, assess the potential for problems in detail before releasing biological control agents. Integrated pest management combines a variety of techniques for controlling pests: biocontrol, use of chemicals, close monitoring of populations, habitat complexity, crop rotation, transgenic crops, alternative tillage methods, mechanical pest removal. It decreases but not eliminates pests; reduces but does not necessarily eliminate pesticide use. Organic farming: organic production is a holistic system designed to optimize the productivity and fitness of diverse communities within the agro-ecosystem, including soil organisms, plants, livestock and people. The principal goal of organic production is to develop enterprises that are sustainable and harmonious with the environment. Sustainable agriculture techniques include organic agriculture can keep farm productivity high.
