BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Haplodiploidy, Dioecy, Genetic Engineering
4 Feb 2016
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Document Summary
Sexual reproduction: the process of organism reproduction that results in offspring that are genetically distinct from their parents. Monoecious: both male and female reproductive structures are found in the. Dioecious: individuals have either male or female reproductive structures same individual: humans. Sex chromosomes: pair of chromosomes that differs between males and females: matched pair in one sex (e. g. xx) and unmatched in other (e. g, matched pair in one sex (e. g. xx) and unmatched in other (e. g. xy) Homogametic sex: sex with the matched pair. Female humans xx, male moths zz. Male humans xy, some male insects x, female moths. Sometimes one sex will only have one sex chromosome (e. g. xx: sexual phenotypes arise due to sex chromosome segregation. Autosomes: chromosomes that are the same in males and females. Haplodiploidy: no sex chromosomes, and no separate genes on autosomes determine sex sex determined by chromosome number. Zw vs x: males: haploid (n, females: diploid (2n)
