BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Mutual Exclusivity, Punnett Square, Phenotype
10 Oct 2018
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In addition to using the punnett square to determine the outcome of a genetic cross, probability can also be used as well. [probability] = the likelihood of the occurrence of a particular event; the number of times a particular event is expected to take place out of the total number of possible outcomes: product (multiplication) rule: The probability of two or more independent (cid:894)the out(cid:272)o(cid:373)e of o(cid:374)e e(cid:448)e(cid:374)t (cid:373)ust(cid:374)(cid:859)t i(cid:374)flue(cid:374)(cid:272)e the outcome of the other) events taking place together is calculated by multiplying their independent probabilities. If joi(cid:374)t e(cid:448)e(cid:374)ts (cid:894)(cid:862)a(cid:374)d(cid:863)(cid:895), the(cid:374) (cid:373)ultipl(cid:455) the p(cid:396)o(cid:271)a(cid:271)ilities. P(a and b) = p(a) x p(b: sum rule: The probability of any of two or more mutually exclusive events (one event excludes the possibility of the other) is calculated by adding the probabilities of the events. Question 1: albinism is recessive to a single genetic trait. P(aa) = : 3rd child is normally pigmented. P(a_) = : all 4 children normally pigmented:
