PSYC 351 Lecture Notes - Lecture 40: Classical Conditioning, Habituation, Exposure Therapy
8 Apr 2020
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Characterized by a shift in thinking about reinforcers as special types of stimuli, to being special types of responses. Reinforcers are: species-specific, high-probability behaviors, created by imposing a period of deprivation, commodities. Framework to analyze how constraints imposed by instrumental conditioning procedures influence behavior. Not a contradiction of associative theories on ic, just a different perspective. Learning is useful because the new responses that are acquired often facilitate adjustment to a changing environment. But changes in the environment can also favor the loss of conditioned behavior. Not many reinforcement schedule remain in effect forever. Responses that are successful at one point may cease to be effective later. Acquisition of conditioned behavior involves procedures in which a reinforcing outcome occurs. Pavlovian conditioning, the outcome or unconditioned stimulus (us) is presented as a consequence of a conditioned stimulus (cs). In instrumental conditioning, the reinforcing outcome is presented as a consequence of the instrumental response.
