BIOL 227 Lecture 1: biol 227 tut 1 notes
3 May 2016
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Phylogeny the evolutionary history of a species or group of species. Taxonomy the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics. An organism is likely to share many of its genes, metabolic pathways, and structural proteins with its close relatives. The first part of a binomial is the name of a genus, to which the species belongs. The second part, called the specific epithet, is unique for each species within a genus. The linnaean system places related genera in the same family, families into orders, orders into classes, classes into phyla, phyla into kingdoms and kingdoms into domains. The named taxonomic unit at any level of the hierarchy is called a taxon. Convergent evolution called analogy occurs when similar environmental pressures and natural selection produces similar (analogous) adaptations in organisms from different evolutionary lineages. Analogous structures that arose independently are also called homoplasies. Molecular systematics, the discipline that uses data from.
