BIOL 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Dietary Reference Intake, Nutrient, Health Canada
15 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
BIO203
May 7th 2018
Lesson 2- Nutrient Standards and Guidelines
Nutrient standards and guidelines (the lecture)
Learning outcome: to recognize the rational as to why certain foods are grouped together.
-grains are high in fiber.
Vegetable vs legumes vs fruit. A fruit is anything that has seeds, this becomes nutritious because they
are designed to nurish another organism and that organism is going to disperse. Vegetables are like
potatoes or carrots do not contain seeds. Legumes are like lentils are plants containing seeds and has a
lot of fiber.
Food guides are based on specific amount of those nutrients we need per day. They are based on the
DRI table.
EAR: Estimated Average Requirements
RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowances
UL: Upper Intakes Levels
Objectives:
-Dietary Reference Intakes
-Major Food Groups
-Caada’s food guide
Dietary Reference Intakes:
- Dietary reference intakes (DRIs) are reference values that are quantitative estimates of nutrient
intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people (if one has a chronic
disease the DRI ight ot be good for oe’s eeds)
- DRI includes a set of standards that tell us:
o 1. The amount of a nutrient needed to prevent deficiency disease in healthy people
o 2. The amount of a nutrient that may reduce the risk of chronic disease
o 3. The upper level of safety nutrients
DRIs most nutrients—focus on reducing defiency
diseases (except UL)
DRIs Energy and Macronutrients – focus on
reducing the risks of chronic disease
-Estimated Average Requirements (EAR)
-Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA)
-Adequate Intake (AI)
-Tolerable Upper Intake Level
-Estimated Energy Requirements (EER)
-Acceptable Macronutrient distribution Ranges
(AMDR)—limit calories
- Intakes differ by sex and stage of life
- Intakes expressed in mg/day, g/day or micro g/day
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- EAR, RDA, & UL for each nutrient
- Sixteen life-stage groups for females and 10 life-stage groups for males
- No EAR or RDA for infants < 12 months. Rigorous studies cannot ethically be conducted . this
life-stage group has only AI recommendations
EAR-Estimated Average Requirements
1. Nutrient requirement that meets the needs of 50% of the population
2. Based on diagnostic test that measures adequate amount in the human body
a. The estimated average requirement, represents the average daily nutrient intake level
that meets the requirements of half of the healthy individuals in a given group.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
RDA= EAR * x
Goldstandard in DRIs
The recommended dietary allowance represents the average daily nutrient intake level that meets the
requirements of almost all (97% to 98%) healthy individuals in a given life stage or gender group.
Adequate intake (AI)
1. For soe utriets… we just do’t kow
2. Based on intakes of a healthy group of people in a particular life stage and gender group
3. AI exceed the EAR below UL. Lies somewhere near RDA.
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
1. UL is the highest level of usual daily nutrient intake likely to be safe.
2. Meant to avoid excesses especially when using supplements.
Dietary Reference intakes DRI – How do you know what your intake level is?
Nutrients recommendations our averages meant for a population – your requirement can be above or
below.
Nutrient recommendations vary across country
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Australian – 15 mg of Vitamin E.
Canadian – 10mg of Vitamin E
The differences between countries indicates cultural differences and (mostly) differences in
interpretation of scientific studies.
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
1. EER represents the number of calories that maintain energy balance in a healthy person.
2. The EER is an individualized estimate (ie. Not for members of a population belonging to a certain
lifestage)
To calculate your EER → variables are
- Age = age in years
- PA = physical activity estimate
- WT = weight in kg (lb/2.2)
- HT = height in meters (in/39.4)
Activity Level category:
Sedentary : No physical activity aside from that needed for independent living
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)
AMDRs indicate range of carbohydrate, fat and protein intakes that provide adequate amounts of
energy AND may reduce the risk of a diet-related chronic disease.
Who uses DRIs?
1. Nutrition experts
a. Registered dieticians
2. Food industry
a. Regulated by Canadian food inspection Agency (CFIA)
- List of 13 core nutrients
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Learning outcome: to recognize the rational as to why certain foods are grouped together. A fruit is anything that has seeds, this becomes nutritious because they are designed to nurish another organism and that organism is going to disperse. Vegetables are like potatoes or carrots do not contain seeds. Legumes are like lentils are plants containing seeds and has a lot of fiber. Food guides are based on specific amount of those nutrients we need per day. Dri includes a set of standards that tell us: 1. The amount of a nutrient needed to prevent deficiency disease in healthy people: 2. The amount of a nutrient that may reduce the risk of chronic disease: 3. Dris most nutrients focus on reducing defiency diseases (except ul) Dris energy and macronutrients focus on reducing the risks of chronic disease. Intakes differ by sex and stage of life. Intakes expressed in mg/day, g/day or micro g/day.
