BIOL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Null Hypothesis, Danone, Common Cold
22 Jun 2018
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Department
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Professor
January 9, 2018 Chapter 1
Scientific Process
Science is a process for understanding the surrounding world
Misconceptions
oDeceptive Dannon yogurt ads n/c no substantiation need proof
o1981 study linking coffee and cancer
5 yrs later saying coffee can prevent Parkinson’s
oRegard all of the factors playing into these claims
Biological Literacy is the ability to:
1. use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues
2. communicate those thoughts to others, and
3. integrate them into your decision-making.
The Scientific Method
: process of examination and discovery
Science is an intellectual activity, encompassing observation, description,
experimentation & explanation of a natural phenomena
NOT anecdotal evidence!
Example of empirical information:
-Soy beans contain all the essential amino acids.
The Scientific Method:
(Observation, Hypothesize, Devise testable prediction, Conduct Experiment, Draw
conclusions/make revisions)
1. Observe a phenomenon
2. Propose an explanation for it (Hypothesize)
3. Test the proposed explanation through a series of experiments
↓
Accurate & valid,
or...
Revised or alternative explanations proposed
(Either way, report results)
Case Study
1. Observation Does Echinacea reduce the intensity/duration of the common cold?
2. Hypothesis Echinacea reduces the intensity/duration of the common cold
a. A hypothesis a proposed explanation for a phenomenon
a.i. Leads to testable predictions
a.ii. Must be testable/falsifiable
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Science is a process for understanding the surrounding world. Misconceptions: deceptive dannon yogurt ads n/c no substantiation need proof, 1981 study linking coffee and cancer. 5 yrs later saying coffee can prevent parkinson"s: regard all of the factors playing into these claims. Biological literacy is the ability to: use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues, communicate those thoughts to others, and. Science is an intellectual activity, encompassing observation, description, experimentation & explanation of a natural phenomena. Soy beans contain all the essential amino acids. The scientific method: (observation, hypothesize, devise testable prediction, conduct experiment, draw conclusions/make revisions: observe a phenomenon, propose an explanation for it (hypothesize, test the proposed explanation through a series of experiments. Revised or alternative explanations proposed (either way, report results) Case study: observation does echinacea reduce the intensity/duration of the common cold, hypothesis echinacea reduces the intensity/duration of the common cold, a hypothesis a proposed explanation for a phenomenon a. i.
