NEUR 3204 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pituitary Gland, Genetic Engineering, Positron Emission Tomography
4 Sep 2016
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Ach: acetylcholine (in cns, works in cholinergic system as inhibitory neurotransmitter; in pns, stimulates muscles) Fig 2. 25: each hemisphere has four lobes: parietal, occipital, temporal, and frontal, corpus callosum: neural pathway that connects the two hemispheres. communication. Blood-brain barrier prevents harmful substances from entering brain, protects the brain. Doesn"t have its own mechanism to fix neurons/problems, so easier to keep them out altogether (bbb: prevention rather than repair/regeneration (energy-saving) Functional units of the nervous system: chemical and electrical signals chemical (neurotransmitters, hormones), electrical (action potentials, glial cells. Support neurons: provides structural support, nutrients and protection, insulation, myelin production, inflammatory response, inactivating nt"s. Side: glial cells are more prone to become cancerous rather than neuronal cells because neurons are post-mytotic. Synapse dendrite (receiving) soma axon (sending) synapse. Neuron cell body (soma: nucleus (genetic info, mitochondria (energy, endoplasmic reticulum (cytochrome p450 located in smooth er aid in drug metabolism) Inactivation, clearance: ribosomes (protein synthesis; rough er)
