ERTH 2415 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Hypocenter, Return Period, Subduction
28 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Environment: theory of plate tectonics is central to understanding natural disasters, earthquakes and volcanoes do not occur at random locations, most of them coincide with plate boundaries, they are more frequent in certain tectonic environments. Magnitude: amount of energy released during an earthquake, logarithmic is x10. Formation of new: centering: lithosphere centers over a hot region at. Lithosphere depth: doming: increase in heat causes the earth"s lithosphere to bulge up into a dome (exapanding, rifting: area is pulled-apart by tension. The central area sags: spreading: new oceanic lithosphere is formed in pulled-apart area. Failed rifts: some divergent zones do not become fully-developed spreading centers with oceanic floors, stop at stage 3 rifting , creates zones of weakness in the crust. Convergent zone: region where two tectonic plates collide, dominant deformation force: compression, infrequent and great earthquakes, immense amount of energy is stored, then suddenly released, shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes.
