ERTH 2415 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Cinder Cone, Mendelian Inheritance, Eruption Column

• School: Carleton University
• Department: Earth Sciences
• Course: ERTH 2415
• Professor: Jason Mah

Document Summary

From rock to magma: volcanoes are a mechanism by which earth expels its internal heat quickly, what causes solid rock to melt, most important mechanism: decrease pressure (p, decompression melting. Volcanic eruption step by step: hot, solid rock from asthenosphere rises closer to the surface following convection loop, decrease in pressure causes rocks to melt partially (decompression melting, change from solid to liquid accompanied by volume expansion. Eruptive style: 2 eruptive styles, peaceful vs explosive, relation between, tectonic environment, magma composition, eruptive style. Eruption type: 6 types of eruptions, caution: a volcano can change eruption type through time, relation between: magma composition, eruptive style, eruption type, volcanic landform. 3 vs of volcanism: factors controlling volcanism and volcanic landforms, viscosity, volatiles, volume of magma. Peaceful eruptive style: viscosity, low/medium magma viscosity, volatiles, volatiles escape easily from magma, low/medium volatile content, volume of magma, small to large volume. Icelandic-type eruptions: tectonic environments, divergent zone, hot spot, magma composition: basaltic.