ERTH 2415 Lecture 1: Lecture 19 Floods
16 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Floods are mainly divided into two groups: hydro meteorological floods and natural dams floods. Hydro meteorological snow melt run-off floods, storm-rainfall floods, rain-on-snow floods, ice-jam floods. Total volume of water on earth 97. 20% sea water, 2. 15% glacier ice, 0. 62% ground water, 0. 03% surface water and 0. 0001 in rivers and streams. Hydrological cycle describes the constant exchange of water between oceans, atmosphere and continents. A portion flows across the surface into the streams called run offs. A portion soaks into the ground called infiltration. Transpiration water is a critical element for the process of photosynthesis, plants absorb water from their roots and release water vapour through transpiration. Volcanism water incorporated into marine sediments. These sediments are transported on sub ducting plates. Water lowers the melting point of the rock. Increasing duration of precipitation would result in infiltration. Increasing amount of precipitation would result in run off. Increasing soil saturation would result in run off.
