BIOL 1104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Genetic Recombination, Sickle-Cell Disease, Regulatory Sequence
Document Summary
Ex: sickle cell anemia is caused by a deleterious point mutation. Evolutionary change can result from simple changes in the expression of genes controlling development. Most mutations are in a coding sequence but ones that aren"t influences phenotypes (regulatory sequence), partic sequences act as switch and get recognized and influences how much of this protein being expressed. Sexual reproduction results in genetic variation by recombining existing alleles. Genetic variations we see is caused by diff combinations of different alleles rather than the number of alleles itself, most traits are influenced by different genes ex: height. In sexually reproducing organisms, recombination of alleles is more important than mutation in producing genetic differences that make adaptation possible. Prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission, and offspring are generally identical. Binary fission: a cell splitting making 2 cells, they are genetic clones. Not a ton of genetic variation but they have tricks: