HLSC 2F95 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cricoid Cartilage, Lung, Thyroid Cartilage
22 Oct 2016
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Air leaves the pharynx by passing through a narrow opening, the glottis. A cylinder whose cartilaginous walls are stabilized by ligaments and or skeletal muscles. Begins at vertebra c3 or c4 and ends at c7. Epiglottis: closes over the glottis during swallowing of food. Consists of: cuneiform, corniculate, and arytenoid cartilages. Structure is a cone shape: the apex points superiorly and base inferiorly, the right lung has 3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior, consists of horizontal and oblique fissures. The left lung has 2 lobes: superior and inferior, contains the oblique fissure, has a cardiac notch. Lu(cid:374)gs are e(cid:374)veloped i(cid:374) a (cid:862)sa(cid:272)k(cid:863): pleural (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ra(cid:374)es. Right and left pleural cavities are separated by the mediastinum. Pulmonary arteries transport carbon dioxide to the alveolar capillaries. Carbon dioxide leaves the capillaries and enters the alveolar sacs. Oxygen leaves the alveolar sacs and enters the capillaries. Oxygen enters the pulmonary veins and returns to the heart to be pumped to all parts of the body.
