CHYS 2P35 Lecture 7: Week 7 Children and Youth with Learning Disabilities
14 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
LD accounts for more than half of exceptionalities
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80% of LD are Reading Disabilities (dyslexia)
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Language happens, but reading doesn’t
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Reading is a complex process
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Reading is not a natural process –it is learned
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Dyslexia- cannot blend sounds effectively
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Composition of Students with Disabilities –over 50% of exceptionalities
DYSFUNCTION
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Reading disabilities are associated with minor dysfunction in the superior temporal lobe and the
posterior parietal regions of the central nervous system
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Neurological Dysfunction
fMRI results consistently show under activation in left hemisphere and over activation in right
hemisphere
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Strong activation left
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Weak activation right
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Normal:
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Weak activation left
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Strong activation right-Using the right hemisphere to process left hemispheric information
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Dyslexia
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Function Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Clumping up of brain cells
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Difficulty using neural circuitry effectively
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Information passing through brain:
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Neural Ectopia
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Clumping up and disorganization of brain cells in left hemisphere
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Why is there a difference in activation?
Prenatal brain development
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Spinal column: neural central system
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Cell migration theory
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Why is there neural disorganization?
Week 7: Children and Youth with Learning Disabilities
CHYS 2P35 Page 1
Document Summary
Week 7: children and youth with learning disabilities. Ld accounts for more than half of exceptionalities. Composition of students with disabilities over 50% of exceptionalities. Reading is not a natural process it is learned. Reading disabilities are associated with minor dysfunction in the superior temporal lobe and the posterior parietal regions of the central nervous system. Function magnetic resonance imaging fmri results consistently show under activation in left hemisphere and over activation in right hemisphere. Strong activation right-using the right hemisphere to process left hemispheric information. Clumping up and disorganization of brain cells in left hemisphere. Cells migrate using the spinal column then from into the brain. Premature interruption of cell migration in the left hemisphere is associated with rd. Back up and then they clump up causing ectopia (cellular structure) Genetic instructions with cells migrating to the left hemisphere. 1 of the genes is dcdc2 (doublecortin domain containing protein 2) Mutation on this gene is associated with dyslexia.
