BIOL 1F25 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Tumor Suppressor Gene, Ras Subfamily, Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase
22 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Cancer is due in part to accumulated mutations. Specific mutations are found in specific types of cancer. Cell immortalization occurred when rb and p53 were inactivated (transfection by large: and telomerase was active (transfection by htert). Ras oncogene had no effect on mortality/ immortality. Then tested effect on ability to form tumours. In the study, tumours were only formed in cells that had an oncogene, and the inactivation of the tumour suppressor gene. Tumours developed only when rb and p53 were inactive. Tumours were formed only when rb and p53 were inactivated (transfection by large-t), telomerase was active (transfection by htert), and when the cell has a ras oncogene. Activation of the telomerase gene was found not to be necessary for cancer development. Cells avoid apoptosis through mutations of tumour suppressor genes. Tumour suppressor gene mutations, eg: rb and p53 allow cancer cells to avoid apoptosis. A normal process that is hijacked during the development of cancer.
