PSYC 2113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Occipital Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Etiology
15 Apr 2018
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Little albert: watson realized that fears could be generalized. Extinction: they could have shown the white rat without the loud noise in order to extinguish the conditioned response. Joseph wolpe used reverse generalization in order to increase the intensity little by little. Ski(cid:374)(cid:374)er"s (cid:449)ork (cid:449)as (cid:271)ased o(cid:374) thor(cid:374)dike a(cid:374)d the idea that all (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iour is (cid:271)ased o(cid:374) consequences. Skinner box: pigeon learned which behaviours to do in order to get rewarded with food. The other word for reward is reinforcement (which is simply increasing a behaviour) Positive reinforcement: adding something desirable to increase behaviour. Negative reinforcement: adding something aversive to increase a behaviour. Positive punishment: adding something averse to decrease a behaviour. Negative punishment: taking something desirable away to decrease a behaviour. Shaping: gradually creating a behaviour by reinforcing closer and closer approximations. The humanist way of looking at abnormal behaviour was based on carl rogers. Carl rogers thought that give the correct circumstances, people would self-actuate.
