SCIE1106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Ribonucleoprotein, Cytosol, Transfer Rna
Regulation of Eukaryotic Gene Expression
Sunday, 25 September 2016
11:11 am
Regulation of Gene Expression:
• Differential gene expression from the same nuclear repertoire is accomplished by the
regulation at several levels
• Transcriptional control
• RNA processing control
• RNA transport and localization control
• Translation control
• mRNA degradation control
• Protein activity control
Transcriptional Control:
• Regarded as the primary means of regulating gene expression
• Cis-acting control elements regulate transcription - located on the same chromosome
• Promoters - determine the transcription state site and direct binding of RNA pol II (e.g.
TATA box in rapidly transcribed genes)
• Other elements (enhancers and repressors) help regulate a particular gene
• Often tissue specific and function only in specific differentiated cell types
• Promoters are located near the start site (5')
• Enhancers may be many kb away
• Promoter
o General TF and RNA pol assemble
o Similar for all genes
• Regulatory sequences
o Binding sites for gene regulatory proteins
o Affect transcription rate
o Can be near or far from promoter, or within introns
o Different for all genes
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