PHYL2001 Lecture Notes - Zona Reticularis, Adrenal Gland, Chronotropic
Revision Notes PHYL2001 CNS: Points to Note
Neurons:
Afferent: towards the CNS (sensory)"
Efferent: away the CNS (motor - visceral (ANS) and somatic)"
Neurons and neurotransmitters:
-preganglionic: ACh released via cholinergic neutron, binds to nicotinic receptor"
-Postganglionic = nicotini/muscarinic"
ANS:
SNS: cell body nearer to SC - thoraco/lumbar"
PNS: cell body nearer to organs - sacral/cervical"
Effects of SNS: pneumonic: RGSDABHBP
-Respiratory"
-Gluycogen/lipids"
-Sweating"
-Digestive/urinary"
-Adrenal glands"
-BP"
-HR and CO"
-Blood redistribution"
-Pupil dilate"
Increase HR = chronotropic/ionotropic "
-chronotropic agents (eg. NA/A) = increases HR"
-ionotropic agents (eg. Beta 1 receptors) = force of contractibility"
1. Increases CO (which increases BP = CO x TPR) "
2. Pupil dilates
-to allow more light to enter = see better"
4. Redirection of blood flow from digestive/urinary to muscles
5. Bronchodilation (beta 2 receptors)"
-more oxygen to the lungs"
6. Sweating
7. Glycogenolysis & lipolysis
-breaking glycogen -> glucose"
-TG -> glucose"
-Glucose needed for energy for brain"
Adrenal gland "
= adrenal cortex (3 layers - zona reticularis, fasciculata, glomerulosa) "
+adrenal medulla (produce catecholamines)"
1. Reticular (after medulla) = sex hormone"
2. Fasciculata = glucocorticoids (eg. cortisol)"
3. Glomerulosa (most outer) = produces mineralocorticoids class of hormones (Eg. Aldosterone
increases Na reabsorption in kidneys, bringing water with it)"
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Document Summary
E erent: away the cns (motor - visceral (ans) and somatic) Preganglionic: ach released via cholinergic neutron, binds to nicotinic receptor. Sns: cell body nearer to sc - thoraco/lumbar. Pns: cell body nearer to organs - sacral/cervical. Chronotropic agents (eg. na/a) = increases hr. Ionotropic agents (eg. beta 1 receptors) = force of contractibility. Increases co (which increases bp = co x tpr: pupil dilates. To allow more light to enter = see better: redirection of blood ow from digestive/urinary to muscles, bronchodilation (beta 2 receptors) More oxygen to the lungs: sweating, glycogenolysis & lipolysis. = adrenal cortex (3 layers - zona reticularis, fasciculata, glomerulosa) + adrenal medulla (produce catecholamines: reticular (after medulla) = sex hormone, fasciculata = glucocorticoids (eg. cortisol, glomerulosa (most outer) = produces mineralocorticoids class of hormones (eg. Aldosterone increases na reabsorption in kidneys, bringing water with it)
