IMED2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Cell-Mediated Immunity, White Blood Cell, Antibody
26 Mar 2020
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Document Summary
Lecture 35: inflammation, healing and other responses to injury. Cells and tissues have limited ways of responding to injurious stimuli: inflammation: is a non-specific response to tissue damage. It is not centrally controlled by responds to local and circulating signals. Infection: necrosis (ischaemia, infarction, other cell injury severe enough to cause cell death, foreign body. Immune reaction (hypersensitivity: self: autoimmunity, environmental antigens: allergy. Clinical relevance: systemic effects, fever sepsis. Leukocytosis: acute phase response, shivering, chills, anorexia, somnolence, malaise. Recognition: cellular receptors in membrane, endosomes, cytoplasm, sensors of cell damage (inflammasome, circulating proteins (complement system, collectins) Recruitment: primarily a vascular response, dilatation of small vessels ( blood flow) Results in stasis/congestion of blood (redness and heat: permeability of microvasculature (plasma proteins and leukocytes leave circulation both active and passive process) Causes oedema ( fluid in interstitial tissue) (swelling) Due to histamine, kinins and other mediators: attraction (chemotaxis) and emigration of leukocytes (particularly neutrophils) to site of injury.
