IMED2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Adult Stem Cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cell, Embryonic Stem Cell
25 Mar 2020
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Lecture 13: stem cells ii: skeletal muscle, epithelia of the skin and digestive system, cornea, retina, liver, pancreas. Adult stem cells: a cell that can, proliferate, differentiate, self-renew (for life!, bone marrow, peripheral blood, brain, spinal cord, dental pulp, blood vessels. Plasticity: but unlike embryonic stem cells- all adult stem cells are located in specific tissues, a muscle sc can obviously become muscle. If it can become anything else- we can say its plastic: bipotential--- low plasticity, multipotential- high plasticity, what governs plasticity, environment. The stem cell niche regulated stem cell functions: signals. Cells are exposed to different diffusible signals: transducers: Transcription factors change the genes that are switched on/off and for changes in differentiation. Eprogentiors: happens -because of combination of forces. signals and factors surrounding the cell in their niche. Some of stem cell regulatory signaling pathways: tgf- (transforming growth factor , regulates stemness (how this pathway is activated, maintains multipotency induces quiescence inhibits proliferation, hh (hedgehog)
