IMED1004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Immunity (Medical), Adaptive Immune System, Interleukin 4
17 Sep 2018
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Document Summary
Nature of infectious diseases iii: the adaptive immune response: adaptive responses are activated when innate mechanisms fail to eliminate an infection. Adaptive responses- activated when innate mechanisms fail to eliminate an infection. Individual has been exposed to a particularly large dose of infectious agent. Individual is particularly vulnerable to infection: (immunocompromised: stress, lack of sleep, poor diet, immunosuppressive drugs, another infection. Many pathogens have evolved mechanisms to evade innate responses: bacteria"s- have capsules, biofilm, avoid phagocytosis with a capsule that blocks tlr binding, evade destruction with phagocytic cells (get out of the killing vesicle of the phagocytes) Successful adaptive response culminates in elimination of pathogen. 5-7 days to activate t and b cells = inductive period. Regulatory t (treg) cells involved in drawing adaptive response to an end. Likelihood of disease: more virulent pathogen lower threshold of disease. If immune response to both pathogens is same less virulent pathogen does not reach threshold (contained by immune response)
