IMED1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Embolism, Arteriole, Pulmonary Vein
IMED1001: Lecture 1 Notes - Heart and Blood Vessels Overview
Introduction:
-Cardio = heart!
-Vascular = blood vessels (BV)!
-What is used as a medium for transport? BLOOD!!
-Blood transports: O2, waste, nutrients!
-How does blood circulate? PRESSURE!
-Pressure is generated by? Heart (muscular)!
Blood Vessels:
-Sizes: varies!
-Range of sizes: 7microns - 3cm (diameter)!
-Types: arteries and veins!
-Arteries: carry blood AWAY from heart!
-Veins: carry blood TOWARDS heart!
-Note: towards or away from heart -> irrespective of de/oxygenated!
-Walls of BV contains:!
1. Epithelium = endothelium!
2. Smooth muscle (elastic) - control diameter of BV!
3. Capillaries: endothelium present for exchange of substances!
4. Supporting cells!
Heart:
-2 pumps present!
-Functionally separated, but work together at the same time!
-Right pump: deoxygenated blood to LUNG!
-Left pump: oxygenated blood to BODY!
-1 pump = 2 chambers!
1. Atrium!
2. Ventricle!
-Pressure of atrium < ventricles!
-Atrium receives blood from veins!
-Ventricles pump blood to lungs/body!
-Valves present = prevent back flow of blood = unidirectional flow only !
Anatomical Position:
-2 pumps separated by septum!
-Arteries (greater vessels) exit the top of east!
-Conical shape!
-Apex is the pointy bit at the bottom!
-Apex tilted towards the left!
-Base (atria) tilted posteriorly!
Document Summary
Imed1001: lecture 1 notes - heart and blood vessels overview. Range of sizes: 7microns - 3cm (diameter) Note: towards or away from heart -> irrespective of de/oxygenated. Walls of bv contains: epithelium = endothelium, smooth muscle (elastic) - control diameter of bv, capillaries: endothelium present for exchange of substances, supporting cells. Functionally separated, but work together at the same time. 1 pump = 2 chambers: atrium, ventricle. Valves present = prevent back ow of blood = unidirectional ow only. Arteries (greater vessels) exit the top of east. Apex is the pointy bit at the bottom. Pulmonary trunk splits into 2 branches (right and left) Left side artery = aorta (blood to body) Left side veins = 2 from each lung (pulmonary vein) Pathway of circulation: left ventricle (lv, aorta, arteries. 5. (diminishing sizes) arterioles (diminishing sizes) capillaries: venules, veins (ivc/svc) Capillaries = microscopic, thin walls (for exchange of substances)
