BIOL1130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Mating Plug, Sickle-Cell Disease, Melanism

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Natural and Sexual Selection
Natural selection
o Strongest evolutionary force under most circumstances
o Occurs when there is differential survival and/or reproduction of
genotypes
o If adaptive traits are inherited, they will increase in frequency in
the next generation change the genetic composition of the
population
o Response determined by variation in fitness
Fitness
o Measured as the average contribution by a particular genotype of
offspring to subsequent generations
o Environment dependent can vary between sites
The selection coefficient
o The relative selective intensity against a genotype. It is equal to 1
W
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