ANHB2212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Grey Matter, Ground Substance, Histology
28 May 2018
School
Course
Professor
L3 Histology Review (5 Mar)
Outcomes
1. Four primary tissues
• Epithelial Tissues
• Muscle Tissues
• Cardiac Tissues
• Connective Tissues
2. CT basics
Nucleus of a typical cell (eukaryotic)
• Has Nucleolus – the prominent dot, is the site of
mRNA synthesis
• Has chromosomes – 23 pairs
o Distinct only during cell division
(metaphase)
o Interphase – is decondensed – form of
chromatin – euchromatin
• The nucleus of an active cell
o Is aka euchromatic nucleus, uncoiled,
decondensed, large, round shaped
o Pale appearance, some blue chromatin
• The nucleus of an inactive cell
o Small, dark
o Heterochromatic
o Condensed
The main organelles of a typical cell
1. ER
• Endoplasmic means “within cytoplasm”
• Reticulum means “network”
• network within the cytoplasm, network is made
up of flat sacs, almost identical to the membrane of
the cell connected to each other to the nucleus and
to the ribosomes
• ER has membrane bound sacs
• Has smooth ER/ rough ER
• ER is a unit of production
2. Golgi Complex (G)
• Similar network (like ER…)
• Are units of packaging (distribution..)
3. Mitochondria (M)
• Singular – mitochondrion
• Is a membrane bound structure, for E production
4 main Tissues
1. Epithelium / Epithelial Tissue
• Is aka the “basement membrane”
• Covers external surface of hollow organs and lining
of cavities
o Eg intestines, stomach, urinary bladder,
theyre all hollow on the inner side and you
can find epithelium there. its called
lining of the tube
• Structure of epithelium is limited because it
controls passages of substances
o Epithelial tissue is a compact sheet of cells
o Has little intercellular substance
• Doesn’t have vascular, “avascular”.
supporting CT is required for nutrients
(supporting CT has blood vessels that brings in
blood alongside nutrients etc)
• Epithelium/ epithelial tissue has other fx that are
reflected in diff shapes, size and layering of cells
What are the functions of epithelium?
1. Forms boundaries (inter….)
2. Secretion
3. Absorption
4. Controls passage of substances
2. Muscle Tissues
What is the function of a muscle tissue?
Movement
• Muscle tissues have elongated cells, which enables
change in length (the elongated cells are aka sliding
filaments of proteins)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Outcomes: four primary tissues, epithelial tissues, muscle tissues, cardiac tissues, connective tissues, ct basics. Nucleus of a typical cell (eukaryotic: has nucleolus the prominent dot, is the site of mrna synthesis, has chromosomes 23 pairs, distinct only during cell division (metaphase) Interphase is decondensed form of chromatin euchromatin: the nucleus of an active cell. Is aka euchromatic nucleus, uncoiled, decondensed, large, round shaped: pale appearance, some blue chromatin, the nucleus of an inactive cell, small, dark, heterochromatic, condensed. Is a membrane bound structure, for e production. 4 main tissues: epithelium / epithelial tissue. Is aka the basement membrane : covers external surface of hollow organs and lining of cavities, eg intestines, stomach, urinary bladder, theyre all hollow on the inner side and you can find epithelium there. What are the functions of epithelium: forms boundaries (inter . , secretion, absorption, controls passage of substances, muscle tissues.
