KHA 114 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Public Health Genomics, Social Cognition, Childhood Obesity
29 Jun 2018
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Psychology D week 9: Health Psychology
- Psychology is what we call a foundation science, informing other areas
- Health psychology
oHow they become ill
Psychological variables that contribute to ill health
Chronic major depressive disorder, increases likelihood of heart
disease
oHow they respond when they get ill
oHow people stay healthy
How do people age healthily
Four areas of health psychology:
- Promotion and maintenance: preventing people getting sick
oWhat would be effective in promoting regular exercise
oQuit smoking
oPap smear services
oSociety should move toward prevention, costs less money
Economic and well being of society beneficial
oNeed to look in the long term, not here and now
- Prevention and treatment of illess:
oHow people respond with diagnosis
oHelping people keep on track of treametn programs
oFind ways to remain compliant with treatment
oReactions to diagnosis
oCF: many other differences in life
Fertility
Treatments
Diagnosis only the beginning
oLiving with an illness when cannot be cured
- Etiology of health and illness:
oHow does exercise promote health
oPublic health: mapping large data sets to look at patterns that
determine what leads to people getting ill
Many other variables that lead to illness
- Improving health care systems and formulating health policy
oRecommendation can be developed in order to improve health care
oCancer screening made national program
Less developed countries do not have funding, or programs for
access to early screening
oWorking with world health organization to help countries manage
diseases
History of health psychology:
- need to know your place in time in science, where do I fit in the bigger picture
ohelps plan for future
- history has come full circle:
oIs the mind and the body the same or are they separate
- Earliest time: mind and body were one
oSharman (witch doctors)
oGreeks
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- Middle ages: anthromoliphying disease
oDisease given to you by something different, evil, bad forces
- Renaissance:
oBroke away from superstition
oMind and body treatment separate, were not linked or seen as having
any relationship
Mind: theologians, priests, philosophers
Physician
- Biomedical model:
oGIVEN A LABEL TO SOMETHING BASED ON SYMPTOMS
AND FROM THIS THINK WE UNDERSTAND IT
oLabel for symptoms, but doesn’t mean we understand the mechanisms
as to how the disease is developed
oIllness over health emphasized
oSingle factor model: one biological malfunction
oReductionism: reduced to micro levels
Defined by disease
- Interplay between psychological theory and mind and body
oFreud
oUnconscious conflict contributed to physical disturbances
oEverything based on psychology
oManifestation of deep unconscious
- Psychosomatic medicine:
oAspects of personality were linked to illness, patterns
oAsthma correlational studies suggesting anxious mothers have asthma
children
Associations and links
Can easily argue backward
Mum is anxious because her child has asthma
- Health psychology:
oCame about because medicine became better at dealing with the things
that used to kill us, medicine had answers for short term issues
oMedicine struggled to understand long term, chronic disorders, doctors
didn’t have the answers for these or the mental health
oDifferent things are killing us now, not longer the flu
oNow we live longer, see people with multiple comorbidities
Interplay between two diseases, increases risk for one not
getting correct treatment
- Health psychology and chronic disease:
oRecognized you must live with the chronic illness
oPsychological and social factors that cause these diseases
Ways to change compromising factors
oLiving with uncertainty and ambiguity
oLearning to live with the cancer, not with the thought they will die the
next day
May die with cancer not because of it: prostate cancers
Learning to live psychologically with monkey on shoulder
- Biopsychosocial model
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oThose variables that are intra and inter, interplay with biomedical
model
oFundamental assumption: health and illness are consequences of the
interplay of
Biological
Psychological
Social factors
oCoping strategies
Your social life and circle, genetic risks, and your attitudes
about these
Sticking with all forms of treatment
Group counseling cured, doesn’t mean group therapy
cured this, highlights that these people are more
compliant with treatment
Genetics: some people aren’t programmed to have disease
oInteraction between these conditions
oMust intervene at all levels
Target treatment specifically to individual
oRelationship between the patient and the health care practitioner is
important in the effectiveness of care
- Rises in technology and research:
oGenetic risks now known
Do you want to know you are at risk of
Having preventative treatments
Genetic risk accounts for 5% of sufferers
Relative not absolute risk
oWhat coping skills and behavioural changes will be likely to occur
oInterplay between genetic risk and social
oWhat you do with genetic risk knwoeldge, preventative
Interventions to help women make informed decisions
regarding genetic likelihood
oNormalizing the behaviour and the relationship with substance
oMaking people feel better about themselves increases likelihood of
partaking in prevention strategies
oWhat will EU countries do?
Achievements not about who is in power but what group is
doing
Research and funding on M health: mobile devices
Consumer directed care; people giving funding but told they
can do what they like
Political as to where governments put their money
Theories of Health behaviour:
- Health belief model: health behaviours are predicted by four factors
oSusceptibility to a health threat
Genetic history
oSeriousness of a health threat
Assumes disease is not survival
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find more resources at oneclass.com
