KHA303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Province Of Potenza, Phoneme, Morpheme
3 Jul 2018
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Department
Course
Professor
Cognitive Neuroscience week 10: Language
Anatomy of language:
Brodmann’s area: number that are mapped to their function
- Broca’s area:
oDeficits in language production
- Inferior frontal cortex
- Sylvian fissure
- Superior temporal gyrus
- Suppramatginal gyrus
- Inferior parietal lobule
- Angular gyrus
- Wernicke’s area:
oDeficits in language comprehension
oHow does this connect to the other areas listed
- Primarily lateralized to the left hemisphere
oAlso about the surrounding cortex, the connections, where they project
to
Language Deficits: many different ways to acquire language deficits
- Anomia: difficulty finding words
oCannot come up with specific words on the go, need to come up with
other words
- Dysarthria: difficulty controlling muscles used in speech
- Apraxia: impairment of motor planning and programming of speech
articulation
oAction lecture also covered this
oHow can deficits in motor planning effect language production
oNot about Broca or Wernicke; but actually about a motor area
Problem with muscles
Not a brain area
- Aphasia: deficit in language comprehension or production
oBroca’s aphasia:
Also known as anterior, non-fluent, expressive, agrammatic
aphasia
Broca’s area is more anterior to Wernick’s
Sub-divided into these areas:
Pars triangularis
Par opercularis
Hard time with:
Spontaneous speaking, repetition, listening to
comprehension
You can have some comprehension problems:
particularly if difficult sentences (reversible)
Very frustrating because they are aware of the problem
oWernicke’s aphasia:
Speech comprehension, understanding
Posterior aphasia
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Can repeat and speak in syntactical way, but it doesn’t mean
anything
oPathway:
Arcuate fasciculus: important
Information travels via this from angular gyrus
Angular gyrus:
Receives information from Wernicke’s area
Then projects to accurate fasciciulus
White matter regions below Wernicke’s are crucially important
Not just the cortex in Wernicke
More about the connections leaving this area
- Conduction aphasia: les emphasis on this
oLecture notes enough to know
Classical model:
- Lichtheim’s classical model of language processing
oRed lines represent aphasia type
oDepending on where the red lines/deficits in the pathway, produce
different deficit
oLook at this model
look at textbook version
B (C) : storage of semantic, associational information
The fundamentals of language in the human brain:
- Less emphasis on neural subtrates
- Mental lexicon:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Brodmann"s area: number that are mapped to their function. Broca"s area: deficits in language production. Wernicke"s area: deficits in language comprehension, how does this connect to the other areas listed. Primarily lateralized to the left hemisphere: also about the surrounding cortex, the connections, where they project to. Language deficits: many different ways to acquire language deficits. Anomia: difficulty finding words: cannot come up with specific words on the go, need to come up with other words. Dysarthria: difficulty controlling muscles used in speech. Apraxia: impairment of motor planning and programming of speech articulation: action lecture also covered this, how can deficits in motor planning effect language production, not about broca or wernicke; but actually about a motor area. Aphasia: deficit in language comprehension or production: broca"s aphasia: Also known as anterior, non-fluent, expressive, agrammatic aphasia. Broca"s area is more anterior to wernick"s. You can have some comprehension problems: particularly if difficult sentences (reversible)
