PCOL2605 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase, Anticoagulant, Atrial Fibrillation

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greenoyster75

23 Oct 2018

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Haemostasis: hae(cid:373)ostasis refers to the stoppi(cid:374)g of (cid:271)leedi(cid:374)g, i(cid:374)(cid:448)ol(cid:448)es (cid:1007) stages. Thrombus - is a clot which forms in a vessel and remains there. Embolus - is a clot which forms in one location and travels to another location within the cardiovascular system. New, direct acting anticoagulants (noacs, doacs: da(cid:271)igatra(cid:374, api(cid:454)a(cid:271)a(cid:374, ri(cid:448)aro(cid:454)a(cid:271)a(cid:374) Doacs: da(cid:271)igatra(cid:374) is a (cid:272)o(cid:373)petiti(cid:448)e, re(cid:448)ersi(cid:271)le, dire(cid:272)t i(cid:374)hi(cid:271)itor of thrombin, api(cid:454)a(cid:271)a(cid:374) a(cid:374)d ri(cid:448)aro(cid:454)a(cid:271)a(cid:374) are dire(cid:272)t, re(cid:448)ersi(cid:271)le inhibitors of activated factor x (factor xa) Apixaban and rivaroxaban: dire(cid:272)t, re(cid:448)ersi(cid:271)le i(cid:374)hi(cid:271)itors of a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)ated fa(cid:272)tor x (cid:894)fa(cid:272)tor. Are doacs any better than warfarin: pi(cid:448)otal trials i(cid:374)(cid:448)ol(cid:448)i(cid:374)g (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) (cid:1005)(cid:1008) and 18 thousand patients in each trial have been. Aristotle (apixaban and warfarin in atrial fibrillation) Re-ly trial (dabigatran and warfarin in atrial fibrillation) So, if switching a patient from warfarin to a doac or. If starting anticoagulant therapy with a doac in a patient not already taking anticoagulant therapy. Age of patient - bleeding risk - effect of food.

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Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of circulatory medications? orthostatic hypotension and urinary frequency bradycardia fatigue, weakness, headaches, and dizziness anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, and constipation edema and shortness of breath Flag this Question Question 2 1 pts Which of the following is NOT true of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors? They are also called statins. They have few adverse reactions. The lowering of cholesterol and LDL with these medications is dose dependent. They may be discontinued when lipoprotein levels are lowered. They are used to reduce the progression of CAD, decrease cardiac problems, and decrease mortality. Flag this Question Question 3 1 pts Which of the following is NOT a type of angina pectoris? chronic exertional variant unstable all are types Flag this Question Question 4 1 pts Which of the following is NOT true regarding the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias? Cardiac dysrhythmias are cured by the medications that are used in treatment. Cardiac dysrhythmias occur when calcium, sodium, and potassium ions that regulate the electrical impulses of the heart are disturbed. The medications for cardiac dysrhythmias are in four distinctive groups. Antidysrhythmics control rhythm by correcting or compensating for the altered rhythm. Alcohol and nicotine should be avoided while taking antidysrhythmics. Flag this Question Question 5 1 pts Antihypertensives receive the same response in all ethnic and cultural groups. True False Flag this Question Question 6 1 pts Which of the following is NOT true of adrenergic-inhibiting agents used in hypertension? They are the most frequently used medications for hypertension. They lower blood pressure and prevent serious cardiovascular complications. They include beta-blockers, alpha/beta-blockers, centrally and peripherally acting adrenergic inhibitors, and ACE inhibitors. They have few side effects and drug interactions. Some may also be used with angina pectoris. Flag this Question Question 7 1 pts Which of the following is NOT true of medications used to affect coagulation? Anticoagulants either may increase the time of coagulation or may be used to precipitate coagulation. Anticoagulants include vitamin K, heparin, and warfarin. Thrombolytic agents are used to promote the dissolution of thrombi. Antiplatelet drugs are used to inhibit the aggregation of platelets. Anticoagulants prevent venous clotting, while thrombolytics dissolve clots. Flag this Question Question 8 1 pts Which of the following is NOT true of anticoagulants? They may be given over prolonged periods of time without regard to prothrombin times. Warfarin is the oldest and most frequently used anticoagulant. Oral anticoagulants have a delayed onset of action. Patients taking anticoagulants must be watched carefully for excessive bruising, bloody stools, bleeding gums, and blood in the urine. Warfarin has a long list of drug interactions. Flag this Question Question 9 1 pts Antihypertensives cure hypertension. True False Flag this Question Question 10 1 pts Which of the following is NOT true of topical hemostatics? They are gelatin or cellulose sponges. They are used to absorb excess blood and fluids and to control bleeding in oral, dental, ophthalmic, and prostate surgery. They are ultimately absorbed by the body. The size and place of a wound have no bearing on which topical hemostatic agent is used. Some are powders, while others are foams, films, or surgical gauze.

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PCOL2605 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase, Anticoagulant, Atrial Fibrillation

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