EXSS2022 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Slow-Wave Sleep, Apnea
4 Sep 2018
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Stress > muscle damage > homeostatic imbalance > recovery > adaptive changes. Decreased reaction time, sustained attention, mood, behaviour (irritability, agitation, aggression) Increased obesity and metabolic syndrome with decreased sleep duration. Increased prevalence of diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, increased appetite, decreased leptin/ghrelin. Cravings for food > weight gain > diabetes/cv diseases/hypertension. Anxiety, environment, voluntary sleep curtailment, medical conditions/medications, diet (caffeine) Melatonin - induces sleep (eyes closed, lying down helps to stimulate melatonin release) Light suppresses melatonin (via scn > pineal gland) Sleep-wake disturbances (schedules), travel, sleep deprivation during tours etc. Continuation of respiration, hr, bp, environmental monitoring. Sleep states: non rem = stage 1 and 2 ((cid:858)quiet sleep(cid:859) in infants) Light sleep, periodic breathing/cheyne stoke(cid:859)s breathing > apnoea, biot(cid:859)s breathing. Slow wave sleep (sws) : rem = stage 3 - paradoxical sleep ((cid:858)a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e sleep(cid:859) in infants) - decreased muscle tone, twitches, erection, oxygen use by brain (eeg looks same when awake) Increased temp, bp, hr, respiration (irregularity - apnoea)
