PSYC121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Iceberg, Sigmund Freud
Document Summary
Lecture 2 - mental processes and behaviour 2. Paradigms - a broad system of theoretical assumptions employed by a scientific community that includes shared models, metaphors and methods. Components of a paradigm: theoretical components (models, set of shared metaphors, agreed set of methods. 5 major theoretical perspectives: psychodynamic - proposes that conscious and unconscious forces interact to control our thoughts and behaviours. Awareness is like an iceberg: behaviourist - the view that environmental stimuli control behaviour through learning. Seeks to understand the relations between stimuli and behaviour through experimentation. It states that the behaviour of humans (and animals) can be understood without reference to thoughts/feelings. Humans/animals are like machines and our mind is like a black box. (we show responses that can be elicited): humanistic - focuses on human capacity to determine our actions and future. We are responsible for our own outcomes - biology and parental influences exist but we can go beyond them.
