MEDI211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Lipid Droplet, The Transporter, Brush Border
6 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Mechanisms of macronutrient digestion and absorption: 5 types of macronutrient digestion. Carbohydrates: dietary carb classifications, monosaccharide: small molecules (monomer) directly absorbed by intestine, disaccharide (2 monomers), oligosaccharide (short polymer), Na+/glucose transporter 1 (sglt1) transport monosaccharides across intestinal cell to bloodstream, insulin then directs uptake of glucose by cells: fru(cid:272)tose (cid:272)an"t travel through sglt1 because it is 5 membered ring not 6 membered ring. Lipoprotein lipase (lpl: exported from cells (e. g. adipocyte/hepatocyte) to vessel endothelium, held within plasma membrane, hydrolysis trigs in chylomicrons ffa + glycerol, for uptake by adipocytes, muscle, hepatocytes. Insulin promotes liid uptake and conversion to trigs for storage. Insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cell, stimulated by the presence of glucose and some aas insulin directs post absorptive processes. Insulin receptor (ir) (found on insulin sensitive cells) is a tyrosine kinase receptor: 4 subunits bonded, 2 alpha chains (extracellular)
