9882 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Second-Language Acquisition, Critical Period, Universal Grammar
20 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Week 11 lecture (language acquisition) – Linguistics for
Educators 9882
Monday, 16 April 2018
Linguistics competence - linguistic knowledge, what we know
Linguistic performance - linguistics behaviour, how we use our linguistic knowledge in actual speech,
production and comprehension
What do we learn?
Discourse level - language for specific purposes; culturally specific knowledge (everyday
conversations that differ with context)
Syntax - word word; ways words are organised in phrases; and phrases are connected within
a sentence; types of sentences
Semantics - words and their meaning
Morphemes - the smallest meaningful units of sound
Phonemes - significant sounds
How do we learn?
Innateness hypothesis - Universal grammar
The theory that the human species is genetically equipped with a universal grammar, a blueprint,
which provides the basic design for all human language.
Children learn language through their environment e.g. family and friends
L1 = mother-tongue (first language)
L2 = second language
FIRST LANGUAGE
Stages of L1 acquisition
1. Perceiving sounds
Before one year of age, babies produce sounds not in the environment around them,
afterwards, use sounds that are present in their environment.
Deaf children produce the same patterns but through sign.
1. Babbling
Around 6mths, babbling begins
1. Acquiring the first words
12mths, children produce their first true words (mum, dad)
One word stage (holophrastic stage)
Generally monosyllabic with a consonant vowel structure
Learning the order of sound/phonological acquisition
A child may extend the meaning of one thing to others e.g. if they learn "ball" they may call
the moon a ball or peas on the plate ball.
Place of articulation: labials, velars, alveolar and palatals.
A child may extend the meaning of a word from a particular referent to encompass a larger
class.
Children learn the regular rules of grammar and overgeneralise them
1. Putting words together into sentences
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Week 11 lecture (language acquisition) linguistics for. Linguistics competence - linguistic knowledge, what we know. Linguistic performance - linguistics behaviour, how we use our linguistic knowledge in actual speech, production and comprehension. Discourse level - language for specific purposes; culturally specific knowledge (everyday conversations that differ with context) Syntax - word word; ways words are organised in phrases; and phrases are connected within a sentence; types of sentences. Morphemes - the smallest meaningful units of sound. The theory that the human species is genetically equipped with a universal grammar, a blueprint, which provides the basic design for all human language. Children learn language through their environment e. g. family and friends. Before one year of age, babies produce sounds not in the environment around them, afterwards, use sounds that are present in their environment. Deaf children produce the same patterns but through sign. 12mths, children produce their first true words (mum, dad) Generally monosyllabic with a consonant vowel structure.
