PUBH2008 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Cardiovascular Disease, Visual Impairment, Insulin Resistance
Document Summary
"diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Diabetes is a serious complex condition which can affect the entire body. Diabetes mellitus: the word diabetes comes from the greek word that means siphon and mellitus is latin for honey. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the islets of langerhans in the pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin in response to rise in glucose while it releases glucagon in response to low in glucose. Mainly due to an autoimmune reaction -> beta-cell destruction -> absolute insulin deficiency. Most common in children or young adults (<30y) Mainly due to insulin resistance and/or inadequate insulin production. Growing number of children and teenagers are developing t2dm. Fasting plasma glucose (fpg): fasting > 8 hours. Oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt): 2 hours pg after ogtt.
