MICR3001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Bacillary Dysentery, Antimicrobial Peptides, Pathogenic Bacteria
Document Summary
Diarrhoeal disease is in the top 10 causes of death. Several important bacterial pathogens: shigella (no animal reservoir) Intestinal pathogens must overcome many biological hurdles: antimicrobial peptides, low oxygen levels (hypoxic, physical barriers (mucus) Innate immunity: acidity (intense ph stress, thus, shigella is highly adaptive. Bacillary dysentery: bacterial infection of the git. Infection rapid and destructive to the epithelial lining. Highly contagious: 10 cfu needed to causes disease. Greater than 100 million cases worldwide annually: 700 000 deaths annually. 99% disease occurs in developing countries: 70% of these in children >5yrs. Very evident in large populations: close proximity increases transmission rates. Symptoms: self-limiting disease, acute inflammation of mucosal tissues, fever and severe abdominal pains, watery diarrhoea, mucoid and bloody stools (prime symptom) Secondary complications can occur: septicaemia, pneumonia, kidney failure, 2nd complication is the major killer. Transmission commonly through fecal-oral route: drinking contaminated water, rapid spread.
