MICR3001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Viral Meningitis, Lumbar Puncture, Neisseria
Document Summary
Increase in lymphocytes (mostly t cells and monocytes: slight increase in protein, normal glucose, csf clear, bacterial, septic/purulent, 10% mortality. Increase in neutrophils and bacteria (gram stain, culture: 10x fold increase in protein, low glucose (leaking across bbb, csf becomes turbid, can distinguish between viral and bacterial through lumbar puncture to obtain csf. Usually vaccinated against (very effective in developed countries) Clinical features: neisseria meningitidis, serogroups a, b, Children and adolescents: acute onset (6-12hrs, symptoms not immediately linked to meningitis, fever, irritability, stiff neck, rash, 10% mortality, 40% septicaemia (blood stream infection, haemophilus. Children < 5 days) years: meningitis symptoms. All ages, but higher risk for children < 2 years and elderly (5%: acute onset may follow pneumonia, meningitis symptoms (20-30%) Treatment/prevention: penicillin/rifampicin prophylaxis (immediate treatment, vaccines c & a, c, Age relationship to infection can be seen. For group b strep, bacteria can colonise in the vagina of the mother and transfer to the baby through birth.
