MEDI7212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 50: Hepatic Encephalopathy, Retrognathism, Psychophysiology
Document Summary
It encompasses excessive sleepiness, but also refers to excessive time spent sleeping. Epidemiology eds is reported in 10-25% general population. Strongest independent risk factors - insomnia, smoking, anxiety +/- depression, somatic symptoms, snoring, obesity. Self-imposed or socially dictated, as in shift work or other forms of sleep restriction: possible underlying comorbidity (depression, medical illness, pain) Sleep disorders that progress to eds include . Central disorders of hypersomnolence: primary complain of eds is not due to disturbed sleep or misaligned circadian rhythms; also considered sleep disorder, disorders include , narcolepsy type 1 or 2, kleine-levin syndrome. Medications and substance abuse: medications - bzd, non-bzd sedatives, anti-histamines, anti- convulsants, opioid analgesics, sedating anti-depressants, anti- psychotics, bbs. Initial evaluation: no test is adequate enough to fully characterise eds or diagnose its causes, history, refine the complaint of sleepiness and identify potential causes, differentiate sleepiness from other common complaints (eg fatigue, lack of energy, weakness)
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