CHEM1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Diamagnetism, Aufbau Principle, Electron Configuration
CHEM1011 – Chemistry 1A – Part 6
LEC 10: *Continued
• Aufbau Principal: electrons will fill orbitals in order of lowest energy first.
o No two electrons can have the same quantum numbers
o Based on s<p<d<f
• Hund’s Rule: Eletrons will fill up oritals of the same energy before pairing up.
o p orbitals are degenerate. E.g. (NOTE: e- will have the same spin)
• Shorthand: noble gas configurations are used to describe core electrons e.g.
Boron = [He] 2s22p1.
• Cr = 4s13d5 and Cu = 4s13d10 as 3d orbitals are more stable when they are half-
filled (3d5) and completely filled (3d10) than 4s orbitals.
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