PSY2061 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Galantine, Thalamus, Striatum
5 Jun 2018
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PSY2061 – Lecture – Week 8 – Brain and Amnesia
• types of memory
•
o short term - or working memory
o
▪ responsible for the storage of temporary information
▪ and determining if it will be dismissed or transferred onto
long term memory
o long term
o
▪ anything you remember that happened more than a few
minutes ago
▪ can last for just a few days or many years
▪ explicit memory
▪
▪ requires conscious thought
▪ intentional recollection of past event
▪ episodic
▪
▪ specific personal events and their context
▪ semantic
▪
▪ general knowledge about the world
▪ implicit
▪
▪ does not require conscious thought
▪ allows you to do things by rote
▪ priming
▪
▪ basic unconscious
▪ procedural
▪
▪ riding a bike etc
o based on the amount of time the memory store
o what type of information and how long we retain it determines
what types of memory
• hippocampus and memory for spatial location
•
o lesions to hippocampus disrupts performance on spatial tasks
o e.g. rats fail to perform morris water maze test with lesions
• where are memories stored
•
o inferetemproal cortex
o
▪ visual perception of objects, storing memories of visual
patterns
o amygdala
o
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▪ memory for emotional experiences
o prefrontal cortex
o
▪ working memory and other memory processes relating to
memory sequencing
o cerebellum
o
▪ storage of memories
o striatum
o
▪ storage of memories, sensorimotor memories
• case study
•
o couldn’t carry out proper sequential steps
o prefrontal cortex - responsible for ordering of events
• case study HM
•
o bilateral medial temporal lobectomy - removal of medial portions
of both temporal lobes, including most of hippocampus, amygdala
and adjacent cortex
o outcomes of operation
o
▪ generalised seizures almost gone
▪ superior intelligence, normal perceptual and motor
abilities
▪ some problems in retrograde amnesia 0 his memory for
remote events were good - childhood memories
▪ inability to form new long term memories - anterograde
amnesia
• amnesia
•
o condition in which one’s memory is lost
o a number of different causes
o anterograde amnesia
o
▪ loss of long-term memory
▪ loss or impairment of ability to form new memories
o retrograde amnesia
o
▪ loss of pre-existing memories to conscious recollection,
beyond an ordinary degree of forgetfulness
▪ this type of amnesia first targets the patient’s most recent
memories
▪ the amount of memories lost depends on the severity of the
case
o amnesia of alzheimer’s
o
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
