PHY2011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Luteinizing Hormone, Sella Turcica, Pituitary Gland
20 Jun 2018
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Week 12 L2 -Hypothalamus and Pituitary
The hypothalamus plays a role in controlling:
oAutonomic nervous system
oTemperature regulation
oWater balance
oFood intake and energy balance
oEmotions and behaviour
oEndocrine secretions from the pituitary gland
Pituitary
oHangs below optic nerve
oAnterior and posterior pituitary glands made of diff tissues
oSits in bony saddle called the “sella turcica”
doesn’t have a lot of space
oCavernous sinuses located on either side
oSpecialised cells make one of 6 hormones
Somatotrophs - Secrete Growth Hormone (GH) ~50% of anterior pituitary
Lactotrophs - Secrete Prolactin (PRL) ~10-25% of anterior (sex)
Thyrotrophs - Secrete Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) ~10% of the
anterior pituitary
Gonadotrophs - Secrete Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinising
Hormone (LH) ~10- 15% of the anterior pituitary
Corticotrophs - Secrete Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) ~10-15% of
the anterior pituitary
Pituitary gland embryology
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Document Summary
The hypothalamus plays a role in controlling: autonomic nervous system, temperature regulation, water balance, food intake and energy balance, emotions and behaviour, endocrine secretions from the pituitary gland. Pituitary: hangs below optic nerve, anterior and posterior pituitary glands made of diff tissues, sits in bony saddle called the sella turcica . Doesn"t have a lot of space: cavernous sinuses located on either side, specialised cells make one of 6 hormones. Somatotrophs - secrete growth hormone (gh) ~50% of anterior pituitary. Lactotrophs - secrete prolactin (prl) ~10-25% of anterior (sex) Thyrotrophs - secrete thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) ~10% of the anterior pituitary. Gonadotrophs - secrete follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) and luteinising. Hormone (lh) ~10- 15% of the anterior pituitary. Corticotrophs - secrete adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth) ~10-15% of the anterior pituitary. Pituitary gland embryology: anterior pituitary originates from rathke"s pouch, posterior pituitary extends down from the ventral hypothalamus and third ventricle, an intermediate lobe exists in the fetus.
