ATS1291 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Geert Hofstede, Business Studies, Language Education
13 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Language and Culture
Culture
• What is it? Music, food, customs, values, art
• Culture provides the overall framework in which humans learn to organize their thoughts,
eotios, ad ehaiours i relatio to their eiroet. … Culture teahes oe ho to
think, conditions one how to feel, and instructs one how to act, especially how to interact with
others. (James Neuliep 2000) ~ more psych centred definition
• Culture hides more than it reveals, and strangely enough what it hides, it hides most
effectively from its own participants. (Edward Hall 1959) ~ more linguistic centred definition
• The collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category
of people from others. (Geert Hofstede) ~ more psych centred definition
Who studies culture & communication now?
And what will they bring to it?
• Business studies: marketing, management, negotiation
• Psychology: cultural bases for behaviours
• Anthropology
• Linguistics: intercultural pragmatics
• Language teaching
• Military
• Missioaries…
Goal: Intercultural Communication Competence
• Communicative competence
• Add intercultural element
o culture-specific approach?
o culture-general approach?
• What are the benefits/risks?
• What are the ethics?
How to talk about cultural differences?
• Can description of cultural differences be systematised?
• Is there value in doing this?
• Are there problems in doing this?
Concerns
• Othering
o who is the us in us v them?
o people
• Ethnocentrism
• Oversimplification
• Usig ulture as a eupheis for rae, ethnicity
Harry Triandis
• individualism vs. collectivism
• individual vs. group,
• self-reliant vs. interdependent,
• competition vs. harmony,
• guilt vs. shame,
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
And what will they bring to it: business studies: marketing, management, negotiation, psychology: cultural bases for behaviours, anthropology, military, missio(cid:374)aries . Concerns: othering, who is the us in us v them, people, ethnocentrism, oversimplification, usi(cid:374)g (cid:272)ulture as a euphe(cid:373)is(cid:373) for (cid:858)ra(cid:272)e(cid:859), ethnicity. Harry triandis individualism vs. collectivism individual vs. group, self-reliant vs. interdependent, competition vs. harmony, guilt vs. shame: multiple short-lived in-groups vs. a few long-standing in-groups. Collectivism & individualism: key scholars: harry triandis (psychologist, university of illinois), geert hofstede (dutch psychologist) Usa norway pakistan contrasts: individual vs. group self-reliant vs. interdependent competition vs. harmony guilt vs. shame: multiple short-lived in-groups vs. a few long-standing in-groups. Idiocentric an individual carrying individualistic tendencies: allocentric an individual carrying collectivistic tendencies. Edward t. hall (cid:862)high-(cid:272)o(cid:374)te(cid:454)t(cid:863) (cid:448)s. (cid:862)lo(cid:449)-(cid:272)o(cid:374)te(cid:454)t(cid:863) (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)i(cid:272)atio(cid:374) st(cid:455)les: hc rely more on the contextual elements of the communicative setting for information than on the actual language code (- collectivist) Hofstede(cid:859)s di(cid:373)e(cid:374)sio(cid:374)s: geert hofstede, national cultures & organisational cultures (cid:858)(cid:272)ultural di(cid:373)e(cid:374)sio(cid:374)s(cid:859)
