BMS1052 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Ependyma, Nissl Body, Schwann Cell
5 May 2018
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Lecture 2
Learning objectives
Neurons
• describe the structure of prototypical neurons
• describe the function of the axon and dendrites
• identify ways of characterising and naming neurones
Glia means glue in latin
• identify the 4 different classes of glia cells
• describe the role and location of:
1. astrocytes
2. Myelinating glia (Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells)
3. microglia
4. ependymal cells
TWO CLASSES OF CELL IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Neurons (~50% of cells*; information processing) specialized cells found in the nervous
system. large cell body and nucleus (a lot of processing required) large mitochondria bc
of huge energy requirements. Ribosomes in rough ER for protein synthesis
- structure
- role of axons
- role of dendrites
- different types of neurons
Glia (~50% of cells*; supporting role)
- 4 main types
- role and location
Important components of neurons
1. Neuronal membrane
- Separates intra- and extracellular spaces, which have different ionic composition
2. Organelles
Ribosomes
- Perform protein synthesis
- Critical because neurons have so many specialised membrane-bound proteins
enabling information processing
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Also called Nissl bodies
- Has ribosomes attached => site of protein synthesis Mitochondria
- Convert ADP to ATP
- provide the energy source for the membrane-bound ion pumps
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Neurons: describe the structure of prototypical neurons, describe the function of the axon and dendrites, identify ways of characterising and naming neurones. Glia means glue in latin: identify the 4 different classes of glia cells, describe the role and location of, astrocytes, myelinating glia (oligodendrocytes and schwann cells, microglia, ependymal cells. Two classes of cell in the nervous system. Neurons (~50% of cells*; information processing) specialized cells found in the nervous system. Large cell body and nucleus (a lot of processing required) large mitochondria bc of huge energy requirements. Separates intra- and extracellular spaces, which have different ionic composition: organelles. Critical because neurons have so many specialised membrane-bound proteins enabling information processing. Rough endoplasmic reticulum - also called nissl bodies. Has ribosomes attached => site of protein synthesis mitochondria. Provide the energy source for the membrane-bound ion pumps: mitochondria. Provide the energy source for the membrane-bound ion pumps.
